Town of Teteven
The town of Teteven (12,581 inhabitants,
410 metres above sea level) is picturesquely nestled along the two banks of the
Beli Vit River between Teteven
Balkan Mountain and Vasilyov’s Mountain (sub-part Troyan
Balkan Mountain). It is 116 km to the north east from Sofia, 74 km to the
south-west from Lovech, 60 km to the west of Troyan, 23 km to the south-east
from Yablanitsa and 54 km to the east of Botevgrad.
The people’s poet Ivan Vazov said about it: “Unless I
had come to Teteven, I would have been a foreigner for Mother Bulgaria, too...”
History: The region has been inhabited since the remote past. The tribe
of the Serds lived in these places at Thracian times
due to which the Romans later on included the region in the Serdika strategy.
Saint Iliya Monastery dates back to Medieval
Bulgaria. The oldest information about the settlement in writing is contained
in a document of 1421. The name mentioned there was Tetevyan.
An artistically elaborated cross, a gift from Tsar Ivan Shishman, was preserved
in Saint Iliya Monastery up to the year 1930 (at the
moment it is in the London Museum). Evidently the
Monastery existed during the 13th - 14th centuries and probably the settlement
developed around it. During the Ottoman Rule, the inhabitants of Teteven were “voinutsi”, i. e. they were
assigned some military and guard duties against which they obtained certain
rights and independence. Teteven developed as a prospering handicraft
settlement. During the 16th and the 17th centuries the Turks carried out
forcible conversion to Islam within the region but they did not dare touch the
town. The popular haidouts (armed revolutionaries
grouped in detachments) were Kostin, Deli Palo,
Dancho, Anguel, and Niagol.
In 1800 there were about 3000 houses in the town of Teteven. The town merchants
traded with Sofia, Bucharest, Brashov,
Vienna, Thessaloniki, and Anadola. Over 60 of its inhabitants were Hadzhii (they had gone to the Holy Sepulchre in Jerusalem). In 1801 the town
was completely devastated by kurdzhalii (Turkish
brigands). Half of the inhabitants was slaughtered, the survivals left Teteven.
Of the 3 thousand buildings only four survived... Although the settlement
rehabilitated with the elapse of years, it never reached its previous heyday
and welfare. The inhabitants of Teteven kept abreast with the cultural and
political upsurge during the Bulgarian Revival. Churches and schools were built
and bulgarian spirit was
kept and strengthened. In 1872 Vassil Levski
organised the most numerous revolutionary committees in the Bulgarian lands (51
people) with a chairman and a cashier both of them outstanding and
influential wealthy men Stanyo Vrabevski
and Petko Miliov - Strashniya
(the Terrible). Dimitur Obshti (a close associate of
Levski) worked in the town, too under whose guidance the robbery of the Turkish
postal service in the Arabakonak Pass was carried out on 22nd September 1872. This act, kept in secret from Levski,
unfortunately led to tragic consequences for the whole revolutionary
organisation and for V. Levski in person – all revolutionary committees founded
by Levski during the years were now broken and the Apostle was caught and hung
on 18th February 1873 in Sofia.
The final drama of the April Uprising took place at the distance of 15 km to
the south-east of the town. Georgi Benkovski (the
factual leader of the people’s riot), Zakhari
Stoyanov (who left for Bulgarian people the priceless “Notes on Bulgarian
Uprisings”), Father Kiril (the cashier of the 4th
Revolutionary District) and Stefo the Dalmatian fell
victims to a repulsive betrayal. They were caught in a Turkish ambush in the
locality of Kostina in which Benkovski
and Father Kiril were murdered and Z. Stoyanov and S.
the Dalmatian survived by a miracle after incredible narrow escapes. Teteven
inhabitants slaughtered the traitor on the day when he was to receive his
recompense.
11 members of Botev’s detachment of armed volunteers,
4 members of Panayot Hitov’s
detachment as of 1876 and 48 volunteers in the Russo-Turkish War were born in
Teteven. The liberation of the town is related to the name of the inhabitant of
Teteven Banyo Marinov, who
guided the squadron of Colonel Orlov through the Vassiliovska Mountain. The Turks were taken
by surprise and rendered harmless. Later on the same inhabitant of Teteven
participated in the liberation of the town of Orhanie (Botevgrad), too and
became its first town governor. Banyo Marinov organised a detachment of volunteers and took part
in the Kresna Uprising in Macedonia where he was wounded.
He died of his wound in Sofia Hospital. Sava
Mladenov (one of the close assistants of Hr. Botev in the last tragic days of
the poet and revolutionary and his detachment of armed volunteers) was born in
Teteven, too. He found his death at the distance of 8 km to the south of the
town.
After the Liberation Teteven developed as a centre of
tourism.
Landmarks: The Town Museum of History (3, Sava Mladenov Sq., tel.:
0678 2005). Working hours: 9.00 a.m. - 12.00
a.m. and 2.00 p.m. - 5.00 p.m. (all the week round
in summertime). Saint Iliya Monastery built up during
the 14th century is one of the 4 buildings, which survived in the sinister year
of 1801.
All Saints Church (situated in the central part of the town).
It was built from 1834 to 1846 and is an exception among the churches built up
during the years of the Ottoman Rule due to its large dimensions it is 31.1 m
long, 14 m wide with thickness of the walls of 1.5 m. Its two large bells were
cast in Moscow. The pulpit is
decorated with woodcarving from Debre and the iconostasis is with
woodcarvings from Teteven. The ancient house–museums from those, which survived
in 1801 are remarkable Bobev’s house (tel.: 0678
3205), Tuikov’s (tel.: 0678 3097), Hadzhi Ivan’s (with Levski’s
hiding-place in it) and Iorgo’s house. Teteven has a
Picture Gallery, too. The monuments of Petko Strashniya
(the Terrible) (at the beginning of the town), of Banyo
Marinov and others are erected here, too.
Teteven is famous for its rakiya (plum brandy). Every year at the beginning of
the May the biggest mountain cycling race on the Balkan Peninsula is held here
organized by the Bulgarian Extreme Sports Club “Boundless”.
Accommodation: The Zdravets Hotel. Koznitsa Tourist Hostel (in the southern part of the town,
along the banks of the Koznitsa River, a left tributary of
the Beli Vit River). It has 50 beds in
double rooms and in 3- and 4-bed rooms. The town offers private lodgings as
well. There are good public catering establishments in Teteven with an original
local cuisine and pleasant entertainment. Two of the most preferred ones are
the Sinchets Restaurant and Manuel Restaurant.
Tourist information at the Regional Tourist Information Bureau, 5700
Teteven (Sava Mladenov Sq, tel./fax:
0678 4217). You can obtain information here about the tourist sites in and
around Gabrovo, Tryavna, Troyan and Apriltsi (participating along with Teteven
in the Stara Planina Tourist Association). At Vezhen
Tourist Association (7, Hr. Botev Street, tel.: 0678 3110, 2372). At the Holiday
House and at the Tourist Hostel.
Transport: Teteven has regular bus connections with Sofia, Vratsa, Roman, Lukovit, Cherven Bryag, Oryahovo, Pleven, Lovech, and Veliko
Turnovo as well as with almost all the settlements within the region. The bus
station (54, 3rd March St., tel.: 0678 2557) is located on the left bank of the
Beli Vit River next to the stadium.
There are two town bus lines, too.
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